Liderazgo transformacional, cultura institucional y calidad educativa en educación básica
Palabras clave:
calidad educativa; cultura institucional; educación básica; gerencia educativa; liderazgo transformacional.Resumen
Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre liderazgo transformacional, cultura institucional y calidad educativa en educación básica, considerando los mecanismos organizacionales y profesionales asociados con la mejora escolar. Conforme a las directrices PRISMA 2020, se consultaron ERIC, SciELO y Redalyc, complementadas con Crossref y rastreo de referencias, para identificar estudios publicados entre enero de 2018 y julio de 2026. De 128 registros identificados, 19 investigaciones empíricas cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. La calidad metodológica se evaluó mediante el Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) y los hallazgos se integraron mediante síntesis temática. Los resultados evidenciaron que el liderazgo transformacional se relaciona con la calidad educativa mediante una cultura institucional caracterizada por visión compartida, confianza, colaboración, apoyo directivo, aprendizaje colectivo, autoeficacia y agencia docente. Estas relaciones variaron según autonomía institucional, disponibilidad de recursos, carga laboral y centralización de la gestión. Se concluye que su contribución adquiere mayor consistencia al articularse con liderazgo pedagógico, distribución de responsabilidades y condiciones organizacionales vinculadas con las prácticas de aula. Para El Socorro, Santander, los hallazgos aportan referentes analíticos, aunque se requieren investigaciones latinoamericanas longitudinales y multifuente que profundicen empíricamente en estas relaciones.
Referencias
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